Safe Operating Procedure of UG Cable Laying

*Safe Operating Procedure of UG Cable Laying.* 

The most important thing to be aware of during this cable laying work. Because most accidents happen only during laying. 

All tools should be thoroughly checked before starting cable laying. Those tools should be removed from the site if something looks bad. 

Before starting cable laying, the worker must take personal protective equipment later and keep it with safety tools. (Pic-1)

                                Pic-1

> The most important tool in cable laying is the cable jack. Work should never start without a cable jack. After placing the cable drum on the cable jack, it should be surrounded by Barricade. 

> The cable is always open from the top when laying the cable from the cable drum(pic-2). The drum on Jake will rotate anti-clockwise, never clockwise. Otherwise the drum is likely to fall.

                                     Pic-2

>The cable drum will have rotating speed 30 meter per minute.

> Laying from the drum to the cable should always be done on the roller. Laying the cable without the cable roller can cut the cable which is completely unsafe work. 

> The distance between the cable rollers will be 2-2.5 meters.

>Only one should be pulled with a winch machine. It only has a certain speed of pull which reduces the chances of an accident. 

The speed of Winch machine will be 30 m / min. 

> The cable drum should be surrounded by a barricade 1 meter away so that no one can approach it while rotating the drum. The drum is likely to fall while rotating. This can lead to accidents.

> During cable laying, the cable drum should be kept inside, not outside the trench.

Equipment required for cable laying 

1- Cables Jack, 2- Roller, 3- Winch Machine, 4- Chiniese lock/Pulling Lock, 5- Swiegel. 6 Rope.

Safe Operating procedure (SOP) of Open Trench Work in UG Project

*What is Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

=> A standard operating procedure (SOP) is a set of step-by-step instructions compiled by an organisation to help workers carry out complex routine operations. SOPs aim to achieve efficiency, quality output and uniformity of performance, while reducing miscomunication and failure to comply with industrial regulations

*Here we will discuss the operating procedure of Open Trench.

We have to follow many safety instructions before starting work on the open trench.

> Before starting the work of Open Trench, it is necessary to know everything about that area.

> Talk to the people in the area to find out if there are any pipes or cables in the place where the trench will be constructed. If there is, then that place cannot be worked. We use the cable locator to find out if there are cables or pipes under the ground.

Cable/Pipe Locator

> If the place is suitable for trenching, then the place should be surrounded by barricades. So that people or animals do not travel through that place. Accidents can happen while working if not surrounded.

Barricade Around Excavation

>Then when the work of the trench starts, the soil that is coming out of the trench should be removed> 1 meter away from the trench. This reduces the chances of an accident. 

> Always during trench digging Two methods benching, Bettering.

> All workers must wear personal protective equipment before starting work. For example, safety helmet, safety shoesHand gloves, glasses ETC.

> Where the trench is working, reflective paper needs to be wrapped so that drivers can easily see.

Under Ground Cable Laying Process in Electricity Distribution Work

*Under Ground Cable Laying Work*

I know two methods for electrical work underground.

# Manually.

# Through HDD Machine

First we will learn about cable laying manually.

Basically in Manually cable laying have two methods.

1. Open Trench Method

2. Molling Method

We will first discuss the Open Trench.

*1.More work is done in open trench method. Because it is convenient to lay cables. And there are benefits during maintenance. Here is a picture of an open trench work. It will be useful to understand.

When we lay low tension cable the depth of the hole is 750 mm. And 1000 mm at high tension. The width of the hole at low tension is 500 mm for a cable . 750mm for two cables. Thus the width continues to increase according to the cable.

Laying of dry sand is done in the trench just before laying.Which is 25 mm thick. Bricks are laid on the sand.There is cable on it. Some sites have cable tags where there is more than one cable. Or high tension low tension cable in one trench.

List of materials required for manual cable laying.

1.Gaiti, 2. Spade 3. Cable Detector 4. Wins Machine 5. Chinese Lock.6 Cable Jack.7 rollers ETC.

Picture of open trench method working.

Use of roller during cable laying.

*2. Now let's talk about molling method.

This method is also effective but is difficult to maintain. This method seems safer than open trench. In this method holes of 2 m by half meter are dug at intervals of 4 m. The depth is the same as in the open trench. However, sand and bricks are not used here. Here a 750 mm hole is made for the low tension cable and then connected to the other hole through the ground floor.

Once the trunch is complete, the HDPE pipe is inserted into it. The cable is inserted inside the pipe.

List of Instrumental required for Molling Method. 

1. Gaiti, 2 spades 3. Buggy, 4 Winch Machine. 5 rollers. Etc

Picture of working in molling method.

#Cable Laying Through HDD Machine. 

HDD Machine With cable laying methab the safest and fastest.